Launches
ON RECORD33MISSIONS
32 of them reached orbit. The earliest was 1959, the most recent 2025.
MARKED ON THIS DATE
1998 · 28 years ago today
The first piece of the station
The Zarya module launched on a Proton, the first component of the International Space Station.
read moreARCHIVE // DAY OF YEAR
33 orbital launches flew on November 20, the earliest of them in 1959, and 32 reached orbit. Wikipedia records 1 spaceflight and astronomy event on November 20. Below are the pictures NASA published on November 20 in 5 different years — each one taken or released on this exact date.
33MISSIONS
32 of them reached orbit. The earliest was 1959, the most recent 2025.
1ENTRY
Spaceflight and astronomy entries from Wikipedia's record of this date, oldest first — from 1998 onward.
5IMAGES
NASA's Astronomy Picture of the Day for November 20, one per year. Some are public domain and some belong to the photographer — each says which.
NASA’s Astronomy Picture of the Day, for this calendar date in each of the last several years.

2025
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
© Robert Nemiroff — used with the credit NASA publishes

2024
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
NASA · public domain

2023
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
NASA · public domain

2022
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
NASA · public domain

2021
Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
© Robert Fedez — used with the credit NASA publishes
1998
The first space station module component, Zarya, for the International Space Station is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
Zarya (ISS module) ↗General-audience astronomy and spaceflight — none of it a textbook.
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LISTING
Still the best single argument for why any of this matters, and it leaves the arithmetic in. For a reader who wants the science, not just the awe.
LISTING
The case for leaving Earth, written by someone unsentimental about how hard that is. Suits readers who want the argument rather than the poster.
LISTING
Hard-SF problem solving in The Martian's key — for anyone who liked the engineering more than the peril. The only novel on this list.
BROWSE opens an Amazon search, not a specific recommendation.
LINKS AMAZON.COM
Event text and thumbnails come from Wikipedia and are used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Images are drawn only from Wikimedia Commons, which does not accept non-free content — each thumbnail links to its file page, where its licence and author are recorded.
Launch records are from The Space Devs’ Launch Library 2. Pictures are NASA’s Astronomy Picture of the Day; NASA imagery is generally not subject to copyright, but individual APOD entries are frequently the property of the photographer, and each caption says which applies.